Germany is trying to rebuild its intelligence capabilities just as a scandal involving a former spy chief threatens to derail the effort. The arrest of August Hanning, former president of the Federal Intelligence Service (BND), has exposed serious questions about the protection of classified information and the agency's internal safeguards.

Europe is preparing a massive military spending drive, but more money does not automatically mean a stronger European defence industry. An IRIS assessment warns that the EU’s ReArm Europe plan could accelerate weapons purchases and expand production without solving the fragmentation that has weakened European military manufacturing for decades.

Europe is pouring resources into military rearmament, but a dangerous gap is opening beyond NATO’s borders. A RIEAS analysis warns that Washington’s dismantling of USAID is weakening Western influence across Africa, Asia and fragile states just as China and Russia expand their presence.

Europe is racing to rebuild its military strength as Russia threatens the continent and America demands that allies carry more of the security burden. But DIIS warns that governments risk paying for rearmament by hollowing out development assistance just as Washington is retreating from that field.

Washington is pushing Europe towards a security order in which America carries less of the burden. Geopolitical Futures sees US negotiations with Moscow over Ukraine and demands for Europeans to defend themselves as parts of the same strategic shift – responsibility is moving back towards regional powers.

Europe is spending more on defence, but RAND warns that money alone will not make the continent ready for the threats already hitting it. Russian sabotage, hybrid pressure and attacks on critical infrastructure are exposing weak spots far beyond the battlefield.

Europe has spent 15 years pretending it has a common defence procurement market. In reality, most governments ignored the rules, protected national champions and kept buying heavily from outside the EU, especially the United States.